Impact of Nanoparticles on The Binding of Insulin Hormone and Its Receptors in Sera of Patients with Type Two Diabetes

Abstract

Nanotechnology is one of the most important modern technologies used in several areas. The most important of these fields are medical field, as it is used in the diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of many diseases due to its distinctive visual and engineering properties. This work has aimed to evaluate the impact of metal oxide nanoparticles on insulin binding to its receptor in sera of patients with type 2 diabetes at different stages of BMI. Zinc oxide (ZnO) nanoparticles were prepared by the precipitation method while copper oxide (CuO) nanoparticles were synthesized using the photo-irradiation method and their properties were studied using atomic force microscope (AFM), scanning electron microscope (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and transmission electron microscope (TEM). ZnO nanoparticles had a particle size of 21.8-36.6 nm while CuO nanoparticles had 20-28 nm. The effectiveness of ZnO and CuO nanoparticles on insulin and insulin receptor (INSR) levels was evaluated in obese and normal-weight diabetic patients. Both nanoparticles (NPs) showed an inhibitory effect on insulin and INSR levels, while contributing to a reduction in insulin resistance.