Evaluation of The Immune Response to Wheat Allergy in Wasit Province

Abstract

Wheat allergy has become increasingly prevalent worldwide, although the mechanisms of wheat protein allergenicity remain unclear. This study aimed to evaluate the immune response to wheat allergy in Wasit Province by measuring serum levels of total IgA, IgG, tTG-IgA, and tTG-IgG. Samples were collected from clinically and laboratory-confirmed patients at Kut Hospital between January 2024 and April 2025. Antibody concentrations were assessed using the ELISA technique. The concentration of IgA ranged from 0.7-32.3 U/ml. The concentration range of IgG ranged from 4.2-48 U/ml. Range of serum concentrations of antibodies to transglutaminase tTG-IgA and tTG-IgG were 0.7-32.3 and 4.2-48 U/ml respectively. Serum concentration of studied antibodies (except tTG-IgA) does not statistically effect by aging. Also, all antibodies not significantly affected by patients, all these immune markers increased in females compared to males. Linear positive correlation appeared among studied antibodies. Moreover, the strongest positive relationship is determined between IgA/ tTG-IgA, followed by IgA/IgG, IgA/ tTG-IgG.