Numerical Model of MHD Influence on Casson Blood Flow in Bifurcated Stenosed Artery

Abstract

This study computationally examines the magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) influence on blood flow dynamics in a bifurcated artery with mild stenosis. An external transverse magnetic field was used to study the complicated changes in blood flow under a constant Reynolds number (Re = 300) and a certain level of blockage ( = 0.51375). The mathematical model assesses critical physiological characteristics, such as dimensionless pressure drop, wall shear stress, and flow streamline topologies, under different magnetic intensities (M = 0, 4, and 8). The results show that there is a direct positive relationship between the magnetic parameter and the pressure decrease across the stenosis, parent artery, and daughter artery. Also, using the magnetic field makes the wall shear much stronger, making both positive and negative peak fluctuations near the geometric limits worse. Streamline visualizations are very important because they show that in the purely hydrodynamic situation (M = 0), there are clear flow separations and recirculation eddies downstream of the stenosis. However, adding the magnetic field stops these secondary flows. The Lorentz force that is created helps keep things stable by reducing the number of disturbed recirculation zones. To validate the suggested model, the current numerical results were compared with existing literature, revealing substantial concordance. In the end, these results show that external magnetic fields can organize and stabilize complex disturbed flow fields, even though they increase flow resistance and local shear stress. This has important implications for bio-magnetic therapy and the study of how cardiovascular disease progresses.